Ku ya 12 Mutarama, Intara ya Hebei yamenyesheje ko mu rwego rwo gukumira ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, Umujyi wa Shijiazhuang, Umujyi wa Xingtai, n’Umujyi wa Langfang bizafungwa kugira ngo bicungwe, kandi abakozi n’imodoka ntibizasohoka keretse bibaye ngombwa.Byongeye kandi, ibibazo rimwe na rimwe muri Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Beijing n'ahandi ntibyigeze bihagarara, kandi uduce twagiye twiyongera ahantu hafite ibyago byinshi.Ibice byose byigihugu byashimangiye kandi kugabanya ingendo mugihe cyibiruhuko no kwizihiza umwaka mushya.Mu buryo butunguranye, ibintu byo gukumira no kurwanya ibyorezo byongeye kuba bibi.
Umwaka urashize, igihe icyorezo cyatangiraga bwa mbere, ishyaka ryabantu bose ryo "kwambura" masike ryari rikiri ryiza.Mubicuruzwa icumi byambere byatangajwe na Taobao muri 2020, masike yanditse neza.Muri 2020, abantu miliyari 7.5 bashakishije ijambo ryibanze "mask" kuri Taobao.
Mu ntangiriro za 2021, kugurisha masike byongeye gutera imbere.Ariko ubu, ntitukigomba "gufata" masike.Mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru ba BYD giherutse, Umuyobozi wa BYD, Wang Chuanfu, yavuze ko mu gihe cy’icyorezo, umusaruro wa buri munsi wa BYD wageraga kuri miliyoni 100, ati: "Ntabwo ntinya gukoresha masike mu mwaka mushya muri uyu mwaka."
Ran Caijing yasanze muri farumasi nini na e-ubucuruzi, itangwa nigiciro cya masike nibisanzwe.Ndetse na micro-business, ifite sensibilité yo hejuru cyane, yazimye muruziga rwinshuti.
Mu mwaka ushize, inganda za mask zahuye na rollercoaster zimeze nkizamuka.Mu ntangiriro y’iki cyorezo, icyifuzo cya masike cyariyongereye cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa byaturutse mu gihugu hose byari bike.Umugani wa masike "gushaka ubutunzi" utegurwa buri munsi.Ibi kandi byakuruye abantu benshi gutangira kwishyira hamwe mu nganda, kuva mu bihangange byo gukora kugeza kubito n'abaciriritse.“Inkubi y'umuyaga” yo gukora mask.
Rimwe, gushaka amafaranga hamwe na masike byari byoroshye nkibyo: kugura imashini za mask nibikoresho fatizo, shakisha aho, gutumira abakozi, kandi hashyizweho uruganda rwa mask.Umwe mu bakora imyitozo yavuze ko mu ntangiriro, ishoramari ry’uruganda rwa mask rifata icyumweru kimwe, cyangwa iminsi itatu cyangwa ine, kugirango wishure.
Ariko "igihe cya zahabu" ya masike yo gukira yamaze amezi make.Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ubushobozi bwo gukora mu gihugu, itangwa rya masike ryatangiye kugabanuka kubikenewe, kandi inganda ntoya zari "igice cya kabiri" zaragabanutse.Ibiciro byimashini za mask nibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano nibikoresho fatizo nk'imyenda yashonze nabyo byagarutse mubisanzwe nyuma yo guhura nibibi.
Hashyizweho inganda za mask, urutonde rwamasosiyete afite ibitekerezo bifitanye isano nibihangange byo gukora byahindutse abatsinze muruganda.Mu mwaka umwe, itsinda ryabantu bakuweho rirashobora kwozwa, kandi hashobora gushingwa "uruganda runini rukora ibicuruzwa biva mu masoko manini ku isi" -BYD yatsindiye cyane mu nganda za mask muri 2020.
Umuntu wegereye BYD yavuze ko muri 2020, masike izaba imwe mu mishinga itatu minini ya BYD, naho izindi ebyiri zikaba imashini n’imodoka.Ati: “Bigereranijwe ko BYD yinjiza amafaranga ya miliyari icumi.Kubera ko BYD ari kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru bitanga ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. ”
Ntabwo hariho amasoko ahagije gusa, igihugu cyanjye cyabaye isoko yingenzi yo gutanga masike kwisi.Amakuru yo mu Kuboza 2020 yerekana ko igihugu cyanjye cyatanze masike arenga miliyari 200 ku isi, 30 kuri buri muntu ku isi.
Masike ntoya yishyaka itwara ibyiyumvo byinshi bigoye byabantu mumwaka ushize.Kugeza ubu, kandi birashoboka ndetse nigihe kirekire nyuma, bizakomeza kuba nkenerwa buriwese adashobora kugenda.Ariko, uruganda rukora mask murugo ntiruzasubiramo "umusazi" wumwaka ushize.
Igihe uruganda rwaguye, mu bubiko haracyariho masike miliyoni 6
Mu gihe Iserukiramuco ryo mu 2021 ryegereje, Zhao Xiu asubiye mu mujyi yavukiyemo kugira ngo asibe imigabane y'uruganda rwa mask na bagenzi be.Muri iki gihe, hari hashize umwaka umwe uruganda rwabo rwa mask rushingwa.
Zhao Xiu yari umwe mu bantu mu ntangiriro za 2020 batekerezaga ko yafashe “outreach” y'inganda za mask.Byari ibihe bya "fantasy fantasy".Abakora maska benshi bagaragaye nyuma yikindi, ibiciro byazamutse, ntabwo rero byari bikenewe guhangayikishwa no kugurisha, ariko byahise bisubira mu ituze.Zhao Xiu yakoze ibarwa.Kugeza ubu, we ubwe yatakaje hafi miliyoni imwe.Ati: “Uyu mwaka, ni nko gutwara ikinyabiziga.”Aceceka.
Ku ya 26 Mutarama 2020, ku munsi wa kabiri w'Umwaka mushya w'ukwezi, Zhao Xiu, wizihizaga umwaka mushya mu mujyi yavukiyemo wa Xi'an, yakiriye telefoni ya Chen Chuan, “umuvandimwe mukuru” yahuye.Yabwiye Zhao Xiu kuri terefone ko ubu iboneka ku isoko.Icyifuzo cya masike ni kinini cyane, kandi "amahirwe meza" arahari.Ibi byahuriranye nigitekerezo cya Zhao Xiu.Barayikubise.Zhao Xiu yari afite 40% by'imigabane naho Chen Chuan afite 60%.Hashyizweho uruganda rwa mask.
Zhao Xiu afite uburambe muriyi nganda.Mbere y'icyorezo, masike ntabwo yari inganda zunguka.Yahoze akora muri sosiyete yo muri Xi'an akora inganda zo kurengera ibidukikije.Igicuruzwa cye nyamukuru cyari icyogajuru, kandi masike yo kurwanya umwotsi yari ibicuruzwa bifasha.Zhao Xiu yari azi imishinga ibiri gusa.Umurongo wo gukora mask.Ariko ibi bimaze kuba ibikoresho bidasanzwe kuri bo.
Muri kiriya gihe, icyifuzo cya masike ya KN95 nticyari kinini nkuko byaje nyuma, bityo Zhao Xiu yabanje kwibanda ku masiki ya gisivili.Kuva mu ntangiriro, yumvaga ko ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro imirongo ibiri y’uruganda butari hejuru bihagije.“Irashobora gutanga masike zitarenga 20.000 ku munsi.”Bakoresheje gusa miliyoni 1.5 yu murongo kumurongo mushya.
Imashini ya mask yabaye ibicuruzwa byunguka.Zhao Xiu, mushya kumurongo wo kubyaza umusaruro, yabanje guhura nikibazo cyo kugura imashini ya mask.Bashakishaga abantu ahantu hose, amaherezo barayigura ku giciro cya 700.000.
Urunigi rujyanye ninganda za masike narwo rwatangije igiciro cyizamuka muntangiriro za 2020.
Nk’uko “Ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa” bubitangaza, ahagana muri Mata 2020, igiciro kiriho cy’imashini ya masike ya KN95 yikora kuva kuri 800.000 kuri buri gice kigera kuri miliyoni 4;igiciro kiriho cya mashini ya masike ya KN95 yikora nayo yazamutse kuva ku bihumbi magana ibihumbi byashize igera kuri miliyoni ebyiri.
Nk’uko umwe mu bari mu nganda abitangaza ngo igiciro cy’umwimerere cy’uruganda rutanga ikiraro cya mask i Tianjin cyari amafaranga 7 ku kilo, ariko igiciro cyakomeje kuzamuka mu kwezi kumwe cyangwa amezi abiri nyuma ya Gashyantare 2020. Ati: “Hejuru yazamutse igera kuri 40 Yuan / kg , ariko ibitangwa biracyari bike. ”
Isosiyete ya Li Tong ikora ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu bicuruzwa by’ibyuma, kandi yakiriye kandi ubucuruzi bw’imyenda ya mask bwa mbere muri Gashyantare 2020. Iri teka ryaturutse ku mukiriya wa Koreya watumije toni 18 icyarimwe, n’umunyamahanga wa nyuma igiciro cyubucuruzi cyageze kuri 12-13 yuan / kg.
Ni nako bigenda kumafaranga.Bitewe n’isoko ryinshi rikenewe hamwe no gukumira ibyorezo, abakozi babahanga bashobora kuvugwa ko “bigoye kubona umuntu umwe.”Ati: “Muri icyo gihe, shobuja wapanze imashini ya mask yatwishyuzaga amafaranga 5000 ku munsi, kandi ntiyashoboraga guhahirana.Niba udashaka kugenda ako kanya, abantu ntibazagutegereza, kandi uzakira umunsi wose.Igiciro gisanzwe mbere, 1.000 yu munsi.Amafaranga arahagije.Nyuma, niba ushaka kuyisana, bizatwara amafaranga 5000 mu munsi. ”Zhao Xiu yaritotombeye.
Muri kiriya gihe, umukozi usanzwe ukora imashini ya mask yashoboraga kwinjiza amafaranga 50.000 kugeza 60.000 muminsi mike.
Zhao Xiu yiyubakiye umurongo wo kubyaza umusaruro washyizweho vuba.Mugihe cyo hejuru, iyo uhujwe numurongo wo kubyaza umusaruro, umusaruro wa buri munsi ushobora kugera kuri masike 200.000.Zhao Xiu yavuze ko muri kiriya gihe, bakoraga amasaha agera kuri 20 ku munsi, kandi abakozi n'imashini ahanini ntibaruhuka.
Muri kiriya gihe kandi niho igiciro cya masike cyazamutse kurwego rukabije.Biragoye kubona "mask" ku isoko, kandi masike isanzwe yahoze ari igiceri gito irashobora no kugurishwa kumafaranga 5 kuri buri umwe.
Igiciro cya masike ya gisivili yakozwe nuruganda rwa Zhao Xiu ahanini ni 1 ku ijana;ku nyungu ihanitse, igiciro cyahoze cyuruganda rwa mask kirashobora kugurishwa kumafaranga 80.Ati: “Icyo gihe, nashoboraga kubona amafaranga ibihumbi ijana cyangwa magana abiri ku munsi.”
Nubwo ari uruganda nkurwo "ruto ruto", ntibahangayikishijwe no gutumiza.Mu guhangana n’ibura ry’inganda zitunganya mask, muri Gashyantare 2020, uruganda rwa Zhao Xiu narwo rwashyizwe ku rutonde rw’isosiyete ishinzwe kurwanya no kurwanya icyorezo na komisiyo ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, kandi ifite intego yo kugemura.“Iki ni cyo gihe cyacu cy'ingenzi.”Zhao Xiu ati.
Ariko icyo batari biteze nuko iyi "point point", yamaze ukwezi gusa, yahise ibura.
Kimwe na bo, itsinda ryibigo bito n'ibiciriritse byashizweho vuba mugihe gito.Dukurikije amakuru ya Tianyan Check, muri Gashyantare 2020, umubare w'amasosiyete ajyanye na mask yanditswe muri uko kwezi kwonyine wageze kuri 4376, wiyongera 280.19% ugereranije n'ukwezi gushize.
Umubare munini wa masike yuzuye mumasoko atandukanye.Kugenzura isoko byatangiye kugenzura neza ibiciro.Muri Xi'an, aho Zhao Xiu iherereye, "kugenzura isoko biragenda bikomera, kandi ibiciro byo hejuru ntibishoboka."
Igitero cyahitanye Zhao Xiu ni ukwinjira mu bihangange byo gukora.
Mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare 2020, BYD yatangaje ihinduka rikomeye ryinjira mu nganda zikora mask.Hagati muri Gashyantare, masike ya BYD yatangiye kwinjira ku isoko maze buhoro buhoro ifata isoko.Nk’uko ibitangazamakuru byabitangaza, muri Werurwe, BYD yashoboraga gukora masike miliyoni 5 kumunsi, bingana na 1/4 cyubushobozi bwigihugu.
Byongeye kandi, amasosiyete akora inganda zirimo Gree, Foxconn, OPPO, imyenda y'imbere ya Sangun, imyenda y'ibishyimbo bitukura, imyenda yo mu rugo ya Mercury nayo yatangaje ko izitabira ingabo zitanga mask.
“Ntabwo uzi uko wapfuye!”Kugeza ubu, Zhao Xiu ntiyashoboye gutungurwa, ati: "Umuyaga urakabije.Birakaze cyane.Ijoro ryose, bisa nkaho nta masike abura ku isoko ryose! ”
Muri Werurwe 2020, kubera isoko ryiyongereye no kugenzura ibiciro, uruganda rwa Zhao Xiu nta nyungu nini rwose.Yakusanyije imiyoboro imwe n'imwe ubwo yakoraga mu nganda zo kurengera ibidukikije, ariko nyuma y'uruganda runini rwinjiye mu mukino, yavumbuye ko imbaraga z’amasezerano y’impande zombi zitari ku rwego rumwe, kandi amabwiriza menshi ntiyakiriwe.
Zhao Xiu yatangiye kwikiza.Bigeze guhinduranya masike ya KN95, bareba ibigo byubuvuzi byaho.Bafite kandi itegeko rya 50.000.Ariko ntibatinze kubona ko mugihe imiyoboro gakondo itanga ibyo bigo itagikomeye, bazabura ubushobozi bwabo.Ati: “Inganda nini zirashobora gushyira icyarimwe icyarimwe kuva masike kugeza imyenda ikingira icyarimwe.”
Kubera ko Zhao Xiu adashaka kwiyunga, yagerageje kujya mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga bwa masike ya KN95.Kugurisha, yashakishije abadandaza 15 muruganda.Muri iki cyorezo, amafaranga y’umurimo yari menshi, Zhao Xiu yazigamye amafaranga ye, kandi umushahara fatizo w’abacuruzi wazamutse ugera ku 8000.Umwe mu bayobozi b'amakipe yageze no ku mushahara fatizo wa 15.000.
Ariko ubucuruzi bwo hanze ntabwo ari imiti irokora ubuzima kubakora maska mato mato.Kugira ngo wohereze masike mu mahanga, ugomba gusaba ibyemezo byubuvuzi bijyanye, nk'icyemezo cya EU hamwe na FDA yo muri Amerika.Nyuma ya Mata 2020, Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo bwatanze itangazo ryo gushyira mu bikorwa igenzura ry'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byoherezwa mu mahanga n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.Ababikora benshi babanje gukora maska yabasivili ntibashoboye gutsinda igenzura rya gasutamo kuko batabonye ibyemezo bijyanye.
Uruganda rwa Zhao Xiu rwakiriye ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ubucuruzi muri kiriya gihe, byari miliyoni 5.Igihe kimwe, ntibashobora kubona ibyemezo bya EU.
Muri Mata 2020, Chen Chuan yongeye kubona Zhao Xiu.“Reka.Ntidushobora kubikora. ”Zhao Xiu yibutse neza ko mu minsi mike ishize, itangazamakuru ryari rimaze gutangaza amakuru avuga ko "BYD yakiriye hafi miliyari imwe y'amadolari yatumijwe na Californiya, muri Amerika".
Igihe umusaruro wahagararaga, haracyariho masike arenga miriyoni 4 zikoreshwa hamwe na masike arenga miliyoni 1.7 KN95 muruganda rwabo.Imashini ya mask yakuwe mububiko bwuruganda i Jiangxi, aho iracyabikwa kugeza ubu.Wongeyeho ibikoresho, umurimo, umwanya, ibikoresho fatizo, nibindi muruganda, Zhao Xiu yabaze ko batakaje miliyoni eshatu kugeza kuri enye.
Kimwe n'uruganda rwa Zhao Xiu, umubare munini w'amasosiyete mato mato mato mato mato “yakoze hagati” yahinduwe mu gice cya mbere cy'umwaka wa 2020. Nk’uko ibitangazamakuru bibitangaza, mu mujyi muto uri mu nganda ibihumbi n'ibihumbi. Anhui mugihe cyicyorezo, ariko muri Gicurasi 2020, 80% yinganda za mask zari zarahagaritse umusaruro, zihura nikibazo cyo kudategeka no kugurisha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-13-2021
